Firearms Tactics & Strategy

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Small-unit Tactics Some may say that basic small-unit tactics arose from Chinese tactician Sun Tzu, who in most probability was several people and not one, famous for the volume 'Art of War'. What Sun Tzu pointed out was that the objective was to win, and provided a multitude of case histories for how to outmaneuver a larger enemy force, or to use their strength against them. Many historians will point out battles where the smaller army wins against sheer numbers due to tactics, training, or on the spot innovative thinking. Every fixed force has vulnerabilities, and guerrilla warfare pointed out the vulnerabilities of a fixed force vs. a mobile and light force.

GUERRILLA WARFARE TACTICS IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS A thesis presented ... Current Special Forces doctrine is very limited concerning the conduct of guerrilla warfare combat operations in urban environments. The focus of the current doctrine is on conducting combat operations in rural environments. The material available on urban environments is defined in broad terms primarily focused on the larger picture of unconventional warfare. Some considerations and characteristics of urban tactical operations are addressed but are so general they could be applied to a conventional infantry unit as easily as to a guerrilla force. Traditionally, Special Forces guerrilla warfare doctrine has focused on its conduct in a rural environment as historically, most guerrilla movements have formed, operated, and been supported outside of the cities. Increasing world urbanization is driving the “center of gravity” of the resistance, the populace and their will to resist, into urban settings. As populations have gravitated to the cities on every continent, the ability to prosecute a successful guerrilla war has often depended on the ability to conduct combat operations in these environments. Predominantly, the aspects of unconventional warfare that were executed in urban settings were those such as intelligence activities, recruiting, sabotage, or subversion. Guerrilla warfare combat operations were done in urban environments only when absolutely necessary.

CONSTRUCTION OF AN URBAN ASSAULT COURSE [PDF] The Fort Bragg Military Reservation proposes to construct an Urban Assault Course within existing range lands on the Installation. This new facility would provide squad and platoon-size units with a facility to train and evaluate urban operations tasks. The XVIII Airborne Corps, the United States Army Special Operations Command, and other active Army, Reserves, and National Guard units would use this training course. Section 2.0 of this environmental assessment (EA) provides a full description of the UAC components.

Arm-and-Hand Signals for Ground Forces - Note: This page contains over 50 hand signals and is graphics intensive, so be aware of a long load time.

“Close Combat” and Learning Infantry Tactics by Major Brendan B. McBreen USMC. I have learned more about small-unit infantry tactics from the “Close Combat” simulation than I have from thirteen years of Marine Corps infantry experience.

NORTH KOREAN TACTICS [PDF FILE] by MAJ James M. Minnich, Northeast Asia Foreign Area Officer. In 1985, the ROK Military, with the assistance of a North Korean defector and thirty procured nK related reference materials, began a revision of it's perceived understanding of nK military tactics. In 1997, with the procural of many important nK reference materials, the ROK Military refined it's interpretation of nK tactics, and with the publication of 30-7 Reference Manual series, dated 2000.1.31, Understanding the Enemy, the ROKA College has revised its teachings on nK tactics. This research paper is predominately based on Reference Manual 30-7-1, Understanding the Enemy (volume 1) - North Korean Military Tactical Doctrine, Regiment Level and Higher.

Military Operations and Plans for German Domination of Europe Examines the public reaction to World War I, along with Germany's military tactics and plans for becoming the dominant force in Europe.

Battle of Pinkie Cleugh Historians have tended to regard the British Isles as a military backwater in the 16th century, but a close examination of the campaign suggests that Pinkie Cleugh was the first "modern" battle on British soil--featuring combined arms, cooperation between infantry, artillery and cavalry and, most remarkably, a naval bombardment in support of land forces. Such an interpretation places Britain in the mainstream of military development 100 years earlier than is generally accepted.

Duncan Long’s Survival Fighting article. If you are intent on shooting people who approach your retreat, then I suppose this text is as good as the next. Personally, I wouldn’t advise it and prefer to leave the shooting to the experts. But here it is, for what it’s worth.

The Police Officer’s Internet Directory. Link Mine of information regarding Law Enforcement and LE topics. None better or more intensive and diverse. Truly astounding.

Janes Strategic Intelligence & Information Site. Good intel is a foundation of survival. Jane’s is the publisher of the world famous reviews of military equipment & geopolitical status reports. Recognized authority in the intel field.

FM 20-3: CAMOUFLAGE, CONCEALMENT, AND DECOYS CCD is the use of materials and techniques to hide, blend, disguise, decoy, or disrupt the appearance of military targets and/or their backgrounds. CCD helps prevent an enemy from detecting or identifying friendly troops, equipment, activities, or installations. Properly designed CCD techniques take advantage of the immediate environment and natural and artificial materials. One of the imperatives of current military doctrine is to conserve friendly strength for decisive action. Such conservation is aided through sound operations security (OPSEC) and protection from attack. Protection includes all actions that make soldiers, equipment, and units difficult to locate.

FM 21-75 : Combat Skills of the Soldier includes : Cover, concealment & camouflage, Fighting Positions, Movement, Observation, NBC Warfare, Intel & counter intel, Communications, 1^st Aid & personal Hygiene, Mines & Demolitions, Obstacles, Urban areas, Tracking, SERE (survival, resistance, evasion, escape), weapons & fire control, field expedient anti-armor devices, range cards.

CIA's Kubark Counterintelligence Interrogation Manual. Some parts edited. Still interesting.

FM 90-10: Military Operations in Urbanized Terrain (MOUT)"see also: FM 90-10

The MOUT Homepage The Special Purpose Marine Air Ground Task Force (SPMAGTF) Experimental (X) MOUT Training Program of Instruction (POI) incorporates lessons learned, doctrine, and tactics, techniques and procedures from various sources applied to close terrain and the urban environment. It is an ongoing effort to support the Urban Warrior experimentation. It is intended to be a user friendly, easy reference guide for use in a unit training program.

Range Estimation Essential info for hunters & shooters. See also: Range estimation (alpharubicon) and Some Thoughts On Range Estimation (Fr.Frog)

Trends in Small Arms Tactics Certain aspects of military small arms tactics seem to have come full circle in the last 200 or so years.

Guerrilla Warfare - excerpt of chapter one of Ernesto "Che" Guevara's General Principles of Guerrilla Warfare.

On Guerrilla Warfare - text of Mao Tse-tung's On Guerilla Warfare, including chapters on history, organization, and political problems.

Psychological Operations in Guerilla Warfare - tactical manual published by the Central Intelligence Agency and distributed to the Contras in Central America.

CIA Textbook on Psychological Operations In Guerrilla Warfare This book is a manual for the training of guerrillas in psychological operations, and its application to the concrete case of the Christian and democratic crusade being waged in Nicaragua by the Freedom Commandos.

TRAINING & READINESS FOR URBAN OPERATIONS PDF FILE

The Marine Corps' Combined Action Program and Modern Peace Operations-Common Themes and Lessons The paper will begin with a historical overview of the CAP, from its roots in U.S. Marine actions in Central America circa 1935 up to the termination of the program in Vietnam in 1971. The successes and failures of the program will be examined in detail. The CAP will then be compared and contrasted with Operation Restore Hope in Somalia, also known as Unified Task Force (UNITAF). Operation Restore Hope, Dec 1992- May 1993, was the generally successful U.S.-led portion of the UN intervention is Somalia that preceded the ill-fated United Nations Operations in Somalia II (UNOSOM II). Also examined are the lessons of the CAP that were successfully applied in Somalia. Finally, the paper will conclude with a survey of current U.S. doctrine on peace operations and will suggest additions and improvements to the ways that U.S. forces are prepared for participation in such operations.

Logistical Operations on Urban Terrain by MAJ William Carter, Military Analyst, CALL. Combat Service Support (CSS) to military operations on urbanized terrain (MOUT) is a unique type of military operation and presents many challenges. Each urban area is different. The key to providing successful CSS to urban combat is with the ability for the logistician at all levels to properly plan for and anticipate requirements. The logistician must apply basic CSS characteristics, doctrine, and methodologies used in all military operations. The logistical planners should understand that urban combat is not a separate military task or operation, but a unique condition on the battlefield.

TC 90-1 Training for Military Operations on Urbanized Terrain (2002 updated) This training circular is a training support package for training urban operations. It provides guidance for leaders conducting training in urban environments across the full spectrum of Army operations: offense, defense, stability, and support. The focus of this circular is on effective usage of the home station urban training facilities: Urban Assault Course (UAC), Shoot House (SH), Breach Facility (BF), and Combined Arms Collective Training Facility (CACTF). Although the primary focus of this circular is on the four primary home station facilities, with modification it can also support urban training in nonstandard facilities.

Night Warrior Handbook - Book I (2nd Battalion, 5th Marines - Training for Night Operations in the Infantry Company)
Night Warrior Handbook - Book II (2nd Battalion, 5th Marines - Training for Night Operations in the Infantry Company)
Night Warrior Handbook - Book II (Bibliography) (2nd Battalion, 5th Marines - Training for Night Operations in the Infantry Company)

BUSHCRAFT PROGRAM OF INSTRUCTION: This is a outline of Bushcraft and Tracking course curriculum.

COMBAT TRACKING TECHNIQUES: How To Track Your Enemy.

TRACKING AND COUNTERTRACKING: Extract from course notes.

TRACKING: Chapter 7 of Rhodesian COIN manual.

FOLLOW UP OPERATIONS: Chapter 8 of Rhodesian COIN manual.

RURAL TRACKING OPERATIONS: Extract from Rhodesian S.A.S. (Special Air Service) combat field manual.

ZAMBEZI VALLEY MANHUNT: A article about the T.C.U. and one of its operations. The T.C.U. was absorbed into the Selous Scouts, making up some of the original cadre of that organization.

TRACKING FOR SURVIVAL: Covers basic knowledge and skills for military bush trackers.

ADVANCE TRACKING TECHNIQUES: This picks up basically were tracking for survival leaves off.

TRACKING: THE FOLLOW UP: Techniques employed by scout trackers to pick up lost spoor.

BUSH TRACKING AND COUNTERTRACKING: Successful techniques employed in the bush by scout trackers.

SELOUS SCOUTS, FOXHOUNDS, BEACONS AND TRANSMITTERS: A peculiar and experimental use of tracking dogs.

OVERCOMING TRACKING PROBLEMS: The essence of the Selous Scouts.

TRACKING TERRS / GUERRILLAS: The employment of native trackers and combat trackers in a counter-insurgency conflict.

TRACKING TECHNIQUES FOR PREDATOR AND PREY: This is some tracking information on techniques employed by the Rhodesian Security Forces and the Scouts.

Arm-and-Hand Signals for Ground Forces - Note: This page contains over 50 hand signals and is graphics intensive, so be aware of a long load time.

Tactics and Training A whole slew of archived forum messages on the topic.

FM 17-98 SCOUT PLATOON, 10 APR 1999

FM 7-93 LONG-RANGE SURVEILLANCE UNIT OPERATIONS, 03 OCT 1995

FM 7-85 RANGER UNIT OPERATIONS, 09 JUN 1987

FM 7-8 INFANTRY RIFLE PLATOON AND SQUAD, 22 APR 1992 , CHANGE 1, 1 MARCH 2001

Psychology of Combat by James Williams In the military/combat situation, the ability to apply knowledge instantly, without conscious thought is critical to survival. The intangibles are the most important factors controlling the outcome of an engagement, the technique applied being of much less importance. Combat is about damaging human beings to preclude their ability to function. The means may be gun, sword, club, knife, or hand; the end, however, is the same. The training in preparation for this task is very to the point. There is nothing taught or practiced that is not essential to the final outcome of the conflict. The person undergoing training must be constantly presented with combat problems to solve. These problems inherently involve weapons-based attacks including attacks with firearms. There is no substitute for practicing in as realistic as possible situations.

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